History of Simulation

The British Medical Ultrasound Society (BMUS) states that medical simulation originally stemmed from the aviation industry. Shortly after the first World War, pilots utilized simulation-based practices as part of their training, allowing them to engage in aerial maneuvers that would otherwise be too risky to practice. While practicing drills midair proved to be both expensive and perilous, the advent of the hydraulic simulator let pilots learn this drill safely on the ground. Likewise, in the field of emergency medicine (EM), new physicians and expert physicians can train and perfect techniques in performing life-saving procedures without any harm to the patient.

In the field of EM, a mannequin representing an adult, child, or newborn may serve as the patient simulator. Any type of patient presentation is portrayed, complete with vital signs and physical exam findings. Learners are challenged with specific objectives to assess and treat a patient just as they would in the real world. A debrief follows the case, where a facilitator guides the learners through their thought process and performance to engrain key teaching points. The debrief may include videotaped playback from the scenario.

Why We Use Simulation Today

Medical simulation is used throughout medicine predominantly to enhance student and physician education by reducing medical errors and ultimately improving patient care. In the field of EM, simulators can mimic airway and breathing complications and can even respond to medical interventions such as chest compressions, needle decompression, and more. Examples of simulators commonly encountered are advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) simulators, and perinatal and birthing simulators. However, simulation does not need to be limited in the context of an emergency department (ED). Surgeons, internal medicine, and obstetrician-gynecologists (OB-GYN) are some of the many other fields that incorporate simulation. Nearly every physician at some point in their training has encountered simulation!

Why Emergency Physicians Choose Simulation

Simulation training offers a valuable platform for EM learners to refine their skills and enhance patient care. By utilizing mannequins and engaging in comprehensive debriefings, learners can develop effective teamwork strategies, practice high-risk procedures, and receive valuable feedback. This immersive experience not only benefits individuals during residency but also prepares one for leadership, education, and administrative roles within EM. Simulation involvement can range from wide committee strategic planning to small-scale operational management.